session+12

12.1 You have been elected the new Mayor of Malden. Before leaving office, the old mayor gave jobs to several of his political friends but the paperwork hasn’t made it to the personnel office yet.
 * A.** Should you 1) honor the jobs promised by the old mayor, or 2) cancel the jobs since they aren’t “officially” in the system yet?
 * B.** What are the possible negatives to denying these people their jobs? What are the possible positives to allowing them to take these jobs?
 * C.** Would it make a difference if the perspective employees had worked against you in the mayoral elections?

A. I would honer the jobs because if the last mayor acceppted them then I would enjoy his choices because they were good decisions for him B. Some negatives would be some people would be out of a job positives is other people would be able to get jobs and make money and i would also get to see what they are able to do. C.No it wouldnt make a differenece to me because they still have the skills to work for me.

12.2 What is judicial review? Is it mentioned in the Constitution? The judicial review is the power of the court system. yes it is mentioned in the constitution.

12.3

-Legislative and Executive going against each other -Judicial refs || Going against each other They’re fighting They make sure things are fair || 12.4 **Directions: ** Read the following two case studies. In your groups, summarize how the power of judicial review was applied in each one. **Case Study I. ** **Brown v. Board of Education **(1954) **Facts: **Black children were denied admission to public schools attended by white children under laws requiring or permitting segregation according to race. It was found that the black children’s schools and the white children’s schools had been or were being equalized with respect to facilities, curricula, qualifications, and salaries of teachers. **Issue: **Does segregation of children in public schools, solely on the basis of race, deprive minority children of equal protection of the law even though the physical facilities are equal? **Holding and Decision: **Yes. The Supreme Court held that the “separate but equal” doctrine, established in Plessy v. Ferguson, has no application in the field of education. Segregation of children in public schools, based solely on their race, violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. First, the Court considered intangible as well as tangible factors. The fact that the facilities and other tangible factors in the schools have been equalized is not the central issue. Segregation of white and black children in public schools has a detrimental effect on the black children because it is usually interpreted as denoting the inferiority of the black children. A sense of inferiority affects children’s motivation to learn. Separate facilities are inherently unequal. Such facilities deprive black children of their right to equal protection of the laws. **Summarize Judicial Review in //Brown v. Board of Education:// ** **//The part in this case that is breaking the law is do they have equal protection. They say that they arent allowed to go to the same school but they have everythuing equal but protection //** **Case Study II. ** **Bush v. Gore (2000) ** **Facts: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">In the 2000 Presidential race, Democratic candidates Al Gore and Joe Lieberman filed a complaint contesting the certification (making official) of Florida’s election results. The Florida Supreme Court ordered a manual recount of ballots entered on machines that did not record votes for President. Republican candidate George W. Bush filed an emergency application with the U.S. Supreme Court to stop the Florida Supreme Court's order for the manual recount. The United States Supreme Court agreed to take the case. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Issue: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Does the use of manual recounts, for which no standards have been set, violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment? **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Holding and decision: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">In a 5-4 decision, the Court decided that there was a violation of the Equal Protection Clause. The Supreme Court held that: (1) manual recounts, as ordered by the Florida Supreme Court, did not satisfy a minimum requirement for non-arbitrary treatment of voters. It also held that remanding the case to the Florida Supreme Court for it to order a constitutionally proper contest was not the appropriate remedy. Therefore, it reversed the judgment of the Supreme Court of Florida, and ended the manual recount. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Summarize Judicial Review in //Bush v. Gore:// ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">They thing that is wrong in this case was they were trying to see if Bush acuttally got ellected as president and they just wanted a re count but Bush sent a application saying they couldn’t do this and they acceppted it.
 * ** I See ** ||  ** It Means* **  ||
 * -Football players
 * ** Summary (POV) **
 * The two systems are going against each other so they can win and its most likely going to be the executive branch. The judicial branch is just watching them to be sure ** ||